News history & regulation IPSO - Task 5

Licensing Act of 1662	"An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Books and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses." It was repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1863.
Tax on Newspapers 1711	The first bill in parliament advocating a tax on newspapers was proposed in 1711. The duty eventually imposed in 1712 was a halfpenny on papers of half a sheet or less and a penny on newspapers that ranged from half a sheet to a single sheet in size.
The Observer	‘The Guardian on Sunday’. It takes a social liberal or social democratic line on most issues
Reduction of the stamp tax in 1836	This was first imposed in 1712 for British newspapers The tax gradually increased until 1836 when the 4d tax on newspapers was reduced to 1d.
‘Golden age’ of newspaper publication	79 years ago, the newspaper industry was a very competitive business, the leading newspaper would do very well, numbers 2 and 3 would do okay and every other newspaper suffered. By the sixties, newspapers no longer had 2 or 3 sections, they had gardening sections, food sections, life-style sections etc. and ad sales really came through; the industry was plummeting. Now the dilemma for newspapers is being able to sell the most paper copies and having a large readership, newspapers are turning to online news now as that is the way the society is progressing.
Profits from advertising	Since newspapers have been declining in circulation since the internet and online news websites, newspapers have had to increase profits by adding more advertisements in the paper and since profits have been declining with the circulation, more advertisement is needed in order to make money.
The Press Council	This was a voluntary press organisation which was founded by General Council in 1953 with a non-binding regulatory framework. This was funded by newspaper proprietors. The aim was maintaining high standards of ethics in journalism.
The Independent	The Independent has gone from being a newspaper and an online website to just an online news website due to the drastic decline of the circulation of newspapers so from being just online, the Independent can focus only on the website and making that the best it can be since newspapers are becoming useless.
Phone Hacking Scandal	The phone hacking scandal was that there were allegations that News of the World editor and other world news journalists were involved in hacking people’s phones leading to the closure of the 168 year old News of the World tabloid in 2011.
Decline in Newspaper Circulation	There has been a drastic decline in the. circulation of newspapers since the internet and access to online therefore to help this, newspapers have made online news websites to make news circulation rise